Evaluation of intercropping basil and forage turnip on yield, essential oil content, phenols and flavonoids of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. candidate of department of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University of Karaj

2 Department of Agronomy, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

3 Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor of Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.

5 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Intercropping systems and soil amendments usage are the environmental friendly strategies to improve the quality of plants. A study was conducted to investigate the yield and some quality traits of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in intercropping system with forage turnip (Brassica rapa L.) with the use of vermicompost and biochar as soil amendments. The research was conducted during 2018 and 2019 using split-plot randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments in the main plots were: A1: 90% forage turnip + 10% basil; A2: 80% forage turnip + 20% basil; A3: 70% forage turnip + 30% basil, also two vermicompost levels (15 ton ha-1, 18.5 ton ha-1) and two biochar levels (control, 5 ton ha-1) were placed in subplots. The results showed that intercropping of basil and forage turnip at level of 70% forage turnip + 30% basil with biochar and vermicompost at 18.5 ton ha-1 was the best performance compared to other treatments. That treatment raised dry matter yield (62.54%), essential oil (63.15%), essential oil yield (191.76%), and total flavonoids (36.18%), compared to 90% forage turnip + 10% basil and vermicompost at 15 ton ha-1, without biochar. In intercropping treatments, 70% forage turnip + 30% basil increased soluble protein (88.88%), and improved total phenols (103.98%), compared to 90% forage turnip + 10% basil. Application of vermicompost reduced soluble protein (50%), and improved total phenols (27.36%), and biochar usage raising soluble protein (75%) and increased total phenols (60.56%), compared to control. Generally, intercropping in level of 70% forage turnip + 30% basil and the application of vermicompost 18.5 ton ha-1 and biochar increased the yield, yield compounds and quality of basil and it can be suggested to farmers as environmental friendly methods to improve basil yield and quality.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Organic Farming of Medicinal Plants
Volume 3, Issue 1
March 2024
Pages 16-24

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