Synergistic Effects of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Planting Density on Agronomic Performance and Seed Productivity of Ajowan (Carum copticum L.) Under Field Conditions

Ghilavizadeh, Ardalan

Synergistic Effects of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Planting Density on Agronomic Performance and Seed Productivity of Ajowan (Carum copticum L.) Under Field Conditions

Document Type : Original Article

Author

ardalan ghilavizadeh

Department of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University, roudehen

Abstract

To investigate the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and plant density on yield components and seed yield of ajowan (Carum copticum), a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with twelve treatments and three replications was conducted in 2018. The experimental factors included PGPR, specifically a consortium of Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum lipoferum, applied at four levels: non-inoculated control, seed inoculation, foliar application at the stem elongation stage, and a combination of seed inoculation and foliar application at the same stage. Plant density was evaluated at three levels: 12.5, 16.6, and 25 plants per square meter. The results demonstrated that PGPR application significantly influenced all measured traits except plant height and thousand-seed weight. The highest values for umbel number per plant, plant dry weight, and seed yield were achieved with the combined treatment of seed inoculation and foliar application. Plant density also had a significant effect on the studied traits, with the exception of thousand-seed weight. The maximum umbel number per plant and plant dry weight were observed at the lowest density (12.5 plants m⁻²), while the greatest plant height and seed yield were obtained at the highest density (25 plants m⁻²).

Keywords

References

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